Paper!

Induced Polarization (IP) is a common tool in minerals exploration, but it is less-commonly applied to environmental problems due to the expense. However, multi-channel receivers, used in conjunction with multiplexers, now allow rapid, inexpensive surveys at many sites. The addition of IP information to the standard resistivity data allows more comprehensive interpretations, and in many cases, the IP data have been the definitive indicator of subsurface waste. In moderate and low resistivity environments, where there is little contrast between the low resistivity waste and background, IP anomalies indicate waste, while resistivity data provide useful background layering information.